1 · Heart and circulation1 · Srce i cirkulacija
Nonmedical AAS exposure has been associated with hypertension, dyslipidaemia, coronary disease, cardiomyopathy, arrhythmia and thrombotic outcomes. A large 2025 cohort with long follow-up reported a substantially increased risk of cardiovascular disease among identified AAS users, although observational design cannot remove every confounder.Nemedicinska izloženost AAS povezana je sa hipertenzijom, dislipidemijom, koronarnom bolešću, kardiomiopatijom, aritmijama i trombotičkim ishodima. Velika kohorta iz 2025. sa dugim praćenjem prijavila je značajno povećan rizik kardiovaskularnih bolesti među identifikovanim korisnicima AAS, iako opservacioni dizajn ne može ukloniti svaki ometajući faktor.
2 · Blood and lipids2 · Krv i lipidi
Androgen exposure can increase red-cell mass and alter lipoproteins, often lowering HDL cholesterol and increasing atherogenic burden. The significance depends on the whole context: blood pressure, smoking, sleep apnoea, hydration, baseline disease, other drugs and cumulative exposure.Izloženost androgenima može povećati masu eritrocita i promeniti lipoproteine, često snižavajući HDL holesterol i povećavajući aterogeno opterećenje. Značaj zavisi od celog konteksta: krvnog pritiska, pušenja, apneje u snu, hidratacije, osnovne bolesti, drugih supstanci i kumulativne izloženosti.
3 · Fertility and endocrine recovery3 · Plodnost i endokrini oporavak
Suppression of LH and FSH can reduce testicular function and spermatogenesis. Serum testosterone may recover before semen parameters, and some people experience prolonged hypogonadal, sexual or mood symptoms. Fertility planning therefore requires its own timeline and assessment.Supresija LH i FSH može smanjiti funkciju testisa i spermatogenezu. Serumski testosteron može se oporaviti pre parametara sperme, a neke osobe imaju produžene hipogonadalne, seksualne ili simptome raspoloženja. Planiranje plodnosti zato zahteva sopstveni vremenski okvir i procenu.
4 · Liver—and the risks beyond it4 · Jetra—i rizici izvan nje
17α-alkylated oral androgens are particularly associated with cholestatic liver injury and other hepatic complications. Injectable administration does not make androgen exposure systemically harmless, and a normal liver panel does not assess cardiac structure, plaque, fertility, renal function, sleep apnoea or mental health.17α-alkilovani oralni androgeni posebno su povezani sa holestatskim oštećenjem jetre i drugim hepatološkim komplikacijama. Injekciona primena ne čini izloženost androgenima sistemski bezopasnom, a uredan panel jetre ne procenjuje strukturu srca, plak, plodnost, funkciju bubrega, apneju u snu niti mentalno zdravlje.
Monitoring is useful because it can identify emerging problems and support clinical decisions. It is not proof that an exposure pattern is safe, and it cannot observe every relevant outcome continuously.Praćenje je korisno jer može otkriti probleme u nastajanju i podržati kliničke odluke. Ono nije dokaz da je obrazac izloženosti bezbedan i ne može kontinuirano posmatrati svaki relevantan ishod.